Matrix Calculator - Calculate Matrix Operations

Perform comprehensive matrix operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant, and inverse calculations

Updated: November 2025 • Free Tool

Matrix Calculator

Result

Result Matrix

Enter matrices and click Calculate

What is a Matrix Calculator?

A Matrix Calculator is a free mathematical tool that helps you perform various operations on matrices including addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant calculation, and matrix inversion. It simplifies complex linear algebra calculations with instant, accurate results.

This calculator works for:

  • Linear Algebra Students - Verify homework solutions and understand matrix operations
  • Engineers and Scientists - Solve systems of equations and perform transformations
  • Data Scientists - Process datasets and perform linear transformations

To perform basic arithmetic operations with numbers, check out our Scientific Calculator for advanced mathematical functions and computations.

For understanding standard deviation and variance in datasets, explore our Standard Deviation Calculator to analyze statistical measures.

To calculate z-scores for statistical analysis, use our Z-Score Calculator to determine how many standard deviations a value is from the mean.

For solving quadratic equations algebraically, try our Quadratic Equation Solver to find roots and analyze parabolic functions.

How Matrix Operations Work

The calculator performs operations based on matrix algebra rules:

Addition/Subtraction: Add or subtract corresponding elements
C[i,j] = A[i,j] ± B[i,j]
Multiplication: Row-column dot product
C[i,j] = Σ(A[i,k] × B[k,j])
Determinant (2x2):
det(A) = ad - bc
Transpose: Flip rows and columns
A^T[i,j] = A[j,i]

Key Matrix Concepts

Square Matrix

A matrix with equal rows and columns (n×n). Required for determinant and inverse operations.

Determinant

A scalar value indicating if a matrix is invertible. Zero determinant means singular (non-invertible) matrix.

Identity Matrix

A square matrix with 1s on the diagonal and 0s elsewhere. Acts like the number 1 in multiplication.

Inverse Matrix

A matrix A^-1 where A × A^-1 = I (identity). Only exists for non-singular square matrices.

How to Use This Calculator

1

Select Matrix Size

Choose 2x2 or 3x3 matrix dimensions

2

Choose Operation

Select the matrix operation to perform

3

Enter Matrix Values

Fill in all cells with numerical values

4

Get Results

View calculated result matrix instantly

Benefits of Using This Calculator

  • Instant Results: Get accurate matrix calculations immediately without manual computation.
  • Error-Free Calculations: Eliminate arithmetic mistakes in complex matrix operations.
  • Educational Tool: Verify homework solutions and understand matrix algebra concepts.
  • Multiple Operations: Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant, and inverse all in one tool.
  • Professional Applications: Useful for engineering, physics, computer graphics, and data science.

Important Matrix Properties

1. Matrix Dimensions

For addition/subtraction, matrices must have the same dimensions. For multiplication, columns of A must equal rows of B.

2. Singular Matrices

Matrices with determinant = 0 cannot be inverted. Check determinant before attempting inverse operation.

3. Operation Order

Matrix multiplication is NOT commutative: A×B ≠ B×A in most cases. Order matters!

4. Numerical Precision

Results are rounded to 2 decimal places for display. Use full precision values for subsequent calculations.

Matrix Calculator - Free online tool to calculate matrix operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant, and inverse
Professional matrix calculator interface for performing linear algebra operations. Features include 2x2 and 3x3 matrix support, multiple operation types, and instant accurate calculations.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: What matrix operations does this calculator support?

A: This calculator supports matrix addition, subtraction, multiplication, transpose, determinant calculation (for square matrices), and matrix inverse (for invertible square matrices).

Q: How do I enter matrix values?

A: Enter matrix values in each cell of the grid. For a 2x2 matrix, fill in 4 cells. For a 3x3 matrix, fill in 9 cells. Values can be positive, negative, or decimal numbers.

Q: What is a determinant and when is it used?

A: A determinant is a scalar value calculated from a square matrix. It's used to determine if a matrix is invertible (non-zero determinant), solve systems of linear equations, and calculate area/volume in geometry.

Q: Can all matrices be inverted?

A: No, only square matrices (same number of rows and columns) with a non-zero determinant can be inverted. If the determinant is zero, the matrix is singular and has no inverse.